Analytical notes
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Abstract. The analytical note examines the legal regulation and features of civil servant promotion in the Member States of the European Union, using France, Germany, Spain, Ireland, and Poland as examples. It identifies the basic mechanisms of promotion (competitions, quotas, training requirements) and the models of promotion (automatic advancement based on length of service and advancement through grades).
Keywords: civil service, civil servants, promotion, length of civil service, civil servant grade, categories of the civil service.
02/2026
Abstract. The analytical note addresses issues related to the existence and functioning of personnel (candidate) reserves in the civil service. It also analyses the conditions and procedures for selecting candidates from such reserves for civil service positions in European Union countries, including the Czech Republic, Slovakia, Romania, Bulgaria, Hungary, Poland, Lithuania, Latvia, France, and Croatia.
Keywords: civil service, civil service position, competitive selection, personnel reserve, candidate reserve, public authority.
02/2026
Abstract. This analytical note examines foreign practices concerning the evaluation of the performance of civil servants. It summarises selected aspects of the legal regulation and practical application of evaluation procedures and performance management in the public sector.
Keywords: civil service, performance evaluation, performance management, public administration reform.
02/2026
Abstract. This analytical note examines foreign practices concerning the submission by candidates for civil service positions, upon appointment to office, of integrity questionnaires (declarations of interests) or similar documents intended to confirm integrity and prevent conflicts of interest.
Keywords: civil service, integrity questionnaire, declaration of interests, conflict of interest, integrity, verification of declarations.
02/2026
Abstract. This analytical note examines the issue of salaries and monetised benefits provided for by law for members of parliament (members of parliamentary chambers), heads and members of government (higher executive bodies), and heads of state (presidents or highest officials exercising representative functions and powers) in the G7 countries– the United States, Canada, Great Britain, Japan, Germany, France, and Italy – as well as in the Member States of the European Union, the institutions of the European Union, and other states, in particular the Republic of Kazakhstan, the State of Israel, South Korea, Singapore, and China.
Keywords: wages, social guarantees for civil servants, social benefits, bonuses, compensation of expenses, relocation assistance.
01/2026
Abstract. The analytical note contains proposals for Section I, ‘List of issues requiring legislative regulation aimed at adapting Ukrainian legislation to the provisions of European Union law (EU acquis) in terms of Ukraine's international legal obligations in the field of European integration,’ of the Verkhovna Rada of Ukraine's Draft Legislation Work Plan for 2026. The proposals have been formulated taking into account the provisions of the European Commission's ‘Ukraine 2025’ Report, the Plan for Ukraine Facility, roadmaps and other strategic documents.
Keywords: draft laws, European Union acquis, European integration, reforms, European Commission, Ukraine Facility, roadmaps.
12/2025
Abstract. The analytical note is devoted to a comparative analysis of the legislation and established practice of using state symbols, in particular flags, in the European Parliament and parliaments of foreign states. The research covers the legislation and practice of 15 states: Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Great Britain, Estonia, Spain, Canada, Latvia, Lithuania, Germany, Poland, Slovenia, the United States of America, the Czech Republic, Switzerland, as well as the European Parliament. In the context of general trends in the development of legislation, complex detailed acts with a comprehensive regulatory approach are distinguished (Latvia, the USA, the Czech Republic); special acts with a moderate regulatory approach (Slovenia, Germany, Spain, Lithuania, Estonia, Bulgaria); as well as regulation based on established practice (tradition) or internal rules (Canada, Austria, Belgium, Switzerland, Great Britain, European Parliament).
Key words: Constitution of Ukraine, state flag, state symbols, legal regulation, parliamentary institutions, public institutions, procedure for using flags, international experience, legislative act, flag protocol.
09/2025
Abstract. The Analytical note presents the results of a study of the legal regulation of the quantitative composition of parliaments in the EU member States. The correlation between the quantitative composition of the parliament and the population of the state is established. The experience of European countries in reducing the number of parliaments (on the example of Italy, France, Hungary and Germany) is presented.
Keywords: quantitative composition of parliament, population, member of parliament, constitution, constitutional reform.
06/2025
Abstract. The analytical note examines the legal regulation and peculiarities of the functioning of three models of the military ombudsman institution in countries such as Belgium, Ireland, the Netherlands, Germany, Norway, and Sweden. It also summarizes data on the activities of military ombudsmen in 18 European countries.
It analyzes the legislative and regulatory acts of national legislation in this area.
It identifies the peculiarities of legislative protection of human rights and freedoms in the armed forces of European countries and outlines the prospects for the development of the military ombudsman institution in Ukraine.
Keywords: protection of rights, servicemen, ombudsman, military ombudsman, legal status, armed forces, control powers.
06/2025
Abstract. The analytical note presents the results of a study of legal regulation of the requirements for compatibility of a parliamentarian's mandate with other activities in the EU Member States, the United Kingdom and Australia. Also, the provisions of EU acts on the incompatibility of the mandate of a MEP are analysed. Both common and different approaches to the settlement of the issue of incompatibility of the parliamentary mandate with other activities were identified.
Keywords: incompatibility of a deputy's mandate with other activities, constitution, deputy, senator, government, member of government.
05/2025