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Abstract. It focuses on the following issues: legislative prohibitions on the sale of alcoholic beverages, tobacco products, herbal products and smoking liquids via the Internet; liability for the sale of such beverages and products to minors; liability of postal service providers for delivery of alcoholic beverages, tobacco products, herbal products and smoking liquids to minors.
It provides analyses the legislation of: Austria, Germany, Poland, France, Italy, the Netherlands, the United Kingdom, Lithuania, Latvia, and Estonia. Also, Analytical Note has been performed on the age at which a person is considered a minor in European countries and on the possibility of selling alcoholic beverages and tobacco products via the Internet; as well as on liability for selling alcoholic beverages and tobacco products to minors.
Key words: alcoholic beverages, tobacco products, minors, online sales, responsibility, European experience.
07/2023
Abstract. The legal regulation of activities related to the organization and conduct of casino gambling on the Internet (online casino) in the practice of such foreign countries as the USA, Great Britain, China (Macao), Monaco, Germany, and Singapore were analyzed. It was analyzed in which states online casinos are prohibited and licenses for this type of gambling are not issued. The provisions of legislative acts regarding the general principles of control and supervision of the activities of organizers of gambling games have been disclosed. Information is given on the technical requirements and standards for hardware and software used to run an online casino. Tax rates applicable to gambling organizers are outlined, as well as the issue of taxation of winnings.
Key words: casino on the Internet; online casino; gambling; certification of gaming equipment; taxation in the field of gambling.
07/2023
Abstract. Legislation both of the European Union and of EU member states on biometric data processing in the procedures for issuing internal identity documents has been analyzed. It has been concluded that the legal regulation in this area is developed by defining the types of biometric data used in passport documents, general procedures for its collection and guarantees of protection of the rights biometric data subjects in the provisions of general acts of the European Union, in particular, Council Regulation (EC) No. 2252/2004 and General Data Protection Regulation. At the same time, the determination of bodies authorized to make and issue biometric documents, special biometric data processing procedures for the purposes of producing relevant documents is governed by internal legislation of the EU member states, subject to the fulfillment of general guarantees of human rights protection in the respective field of legal regulation.
Key words: biometric verification of identity documents; biometric identification; biometric data; biometric documents certifying identity; General Data Protection Regulation (GDPR); Council of Europe Convention 108+; system of biometric identification of a natural person.
06/2023
Abstract. The analytical note examines the legislation on the foreign experience of legislative support for adult education (based on the example of European countries), intending to apply this experience in Ukraine. As part of the research, the legislation of several European countries was analysed: the Republic of Poland, the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland, the French Republic, and others.
The analytical note does not provide a comparative analysis of the Ukrainian and foreign legislation, since the author of the request only identified the need for foreign experience.
Key words: adult education, lifelong learning, continuous professional development, system and components of adult education.
06/2023
Abstract. The results of the analysis of forecast and program documents and legislative acts of the European Union on legal regulation of the use of artificial intelligence technologies are presented. In particular, a detailed overview of the Proposal for a Regulation of the European Parliament and of the Council laying down Harmonised Rules on Artificial Intelligence (Artificial Intelligence Act) and Amending Certain Union Legislative Acts was carried out. Attention was focused on proven methods of normalization of priority areas of artificial intelligence technologies development in such countries as Estonia, South Korea and the USA.
Key words: artificial intelligence, technologies, AI, AI objects, robotics, startup, White Paper on Artificial Intelligence.
06/2023
Abstract. The legal acts of the European Union in the field of hemp cultivation and the experience of legal regulation of the cultivation, circulation, and consumption of products made from hemp in European countries, the USA and Canada are analyzed. It is emphasized on the legislation of the countries with the largest amount of hemp growing land or significant consumption of hemp products, in particular for industrial purposes.
Key words: hemp, industrial hemp, hemp products, cannabis.
06/2023
Abstract. In the course of preparation of the analytical note, attention was focused on the legal regulation of voluntary health insurance as an additional tool for covering medication costs. Relevant legislation of the European Union, as well as national legislation of some European countries and the USA, have been analyzed. The analytical note does not provide a comparative analysis with Ukrainian legislation. The author of the appeal identified the need for foreign experience analysis.
Key words: voluntary health insurance, medication costs, healthcare, medical services.
06/2023
Abstract. The comparative analysis of the legislation of the European Union Member States on the peculiarities of legal regulation of the formation of environmental awareness and environmental competence of citizens through the introduction of an environmental component as part of the educational process were made.
The legislation of Italy, Spain, Latvia, Estonia, France, Germany, Norway, Finland and Portugal was analyzed in the note.
Key words: ecology, education, environmental education, sustainable development, green transition.
06/2023
Abstract. The analytical note contains the results of the comparative study of the legislation of the European Union member states regarding civil service employees’ remuneration systems. Attention was paid to the peculiarities of the legislative regulation of civil servants’ remuneration and the procedure for forming the remuneration fund. Salary structure and procedure for setting and determining the compression ratio have been analyzed. The content of the regulatory provisions limiting manager’s discretion regarding calculation of salaries of civil servants has been clarified. In accordance with the applicant’s request, the analytical note contains conceptual comments on the content of SIGMA Opinion to the Draft Law of Ukraine “On Amendments to the Law of Ukraine “On Civil Service” Regarding Implementation of Unified Approaches to Remuneration of Civil Servants Based on the Classification of Positions” (reg. No. 8222 dated 23.11.2022).
Key words: public servants, remuneration of public servants, compression ratio.
06/2023
Abstract. The legal regulation of state environmental control (supervision) in the European Union member states regarding the regulation of the activities of state bodies responsible for monitoring compliance by economic entities with the provisions of national environmental legislation were analyzed. Rules of activity of environmental inspectorates, their rights, obligations, reasons, and means of conducting scheduled and unscheduled inspections were analized. Special attention is paid to interaction of environmental inspectorates with other ministries and state institutions in the field of environmental protection. Legal regulation of requirements for inspectors, including qualification requirements is presented in the note. Experience in implementing state environmental control in France, Croatia, the Netherlands, Latvia, Poland was analysed.
Key words: national environmental control body; environmental inspection; environmental control (supervision).
05/2023