Abstract. The analytical note describes the main types and features of marketing services in the pharmaceutical sector and analyses the system of regulatory requirements for the registration (authorisation) of pharmaceutical products and the provision of services for their promotion, as defined in the secondary legislation of the European Union (in particular, in the Community Code relating to medicinal products for human use). The legislation of France, Denmark, Portugal, the Netherlands and Poland has been reviewed with regard to the regulation of pharmaceutical marketing activities in the internal market of the European Union, and the features of legislative regulation of restrictions on financial relations through the introduction of transparency mechanisms and ethical standards have been analysed.

Keywords: European Union legislation, pharmaceutical marketing, marketing services, prescription medicines, over-the-counter medicines, registration (authorisation) of medicinal products.

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12/2025

Abstract. The analytical note analyses the main provisions of the European Convention for the Protection of Pet Animals and provides an overview of its ratification by the participating states. It reviews the European Commission's proposal for a draft regulation on the welfare and traceability of dogs and cats. The legislation of Austria, Bulgaria, Denmark, Latvia, Lithuania, Germany, Romania, Finland, the Czech Republic and Sweden is analysed with regard to the legal regulation of surgical operations to change the appearance of a pet or for other non-medical purposes, in particular tail docking and ear cropping in dogs, as well as the grounds for exceptions and liability for violations of established prohibitions.

Keywords: European Convention for the Protection of Pet Animals, animal welfare, surgical interventions, tail docking, ear cropping, cruelty to animals.

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11/2025

Abstract. The analytical note highlights the main provisions of Directive 2024/1203/ EU of the European Parliament and of the Council of 11 April 2024 on the protection of the environment through criminal law and replacing Directives 2008/99/EC and 2009/123/EC and the key innovations of the Member States of the European Union in this area.

Keywords: environmental protection, environmental crimes, criminal liability of natural persons, criminal liability of legal persons, criminalisation of environmental offences.

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10/2025

Abstract. This analytical note presents the results of an analysis of the regulatory framework for artificial intelligence technologies in Ukraine, Europe and the United States. It focuses on trends in the development of legal regulation of artificial intelligence in Ukraine, the EU, European countries and the United States.

Key words: high technology, innovation, national strategy for the development of artificial intelligence, digital technology, artificial intelligence, AI.

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07/2025

Abstract. This analytical note contains a comparative analysis of approaches to determining liability for violations of forestry legislation and dispute resolution mechanisms in Ukraine and European Union member states (in particular, Germany, France, Austria and Finland). The document also examines current European standards and highlights the requirements for establishing criminal and administrative liability for violations of forestry legislation.

Keywords: European Union, violations of forestry legislation, administrative liability, criminal liability, dispute resolution, mediation.

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06/2025

Abstract. This analytical note presents the results of an analysis of the regulatory framework governing robotics and robotisation in EU member states (Estonia, Sweden, Germany, Poland, Slovakia, and the Czech Republic) and China, Japan, South Korea, Singapore, Norway, Turkey, Australia, India, the United States of America, Canada, the United Arab Emirates, and Saudi Arabia. Attention is focused on strategic documents of state policy in this area. 

Materials and information from open sources were used in the preparation of this analytical note.

Key words: robotics, robotisation, artificial intelligence, strategy, programme, plan, ISO standards.

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05/2025

Abstract. The analytical note presents an analysis of the experience of the States Parties to the Agreement on the International Carriage of Perishable Foodstuffs and on the Equipment to be Used for such Carriage, done on 1 September 1970 in Geneva, regarding the legal regulation of the implementation of the Agreement, sources of national legislation in the part of determining the competence of national authorities regarding its fulfilment, in particular in the context of regulatory and legal regulation of issues within their competence, such as: issuance of certificates of conformity of vehicles in accordance with the Agreement; conducting tests/inspections (measurements and control) of the isothermal properties of vehicles; state supervision (control) over compliance with the requirements of the Agreement, etc.

Keywords: international agreement, harmonisation, international transport, perishable foodstuffs, road transport, special vehicles/equipment, testing (research) stations (laboratories), isothermal properties, ISO standards.

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04/2025

Abstract. Based on the study of the experience of the EU Member States in implementing the provisions of Directive 2006/126/EC of the European Parliament and of the Council of 20 December 2006 on driving licences into national legislation, this analytical note analyses approaches to the implementation of certain provisions of the Directive (in particular on mutual recognition of driving documents, compatibility of rules regarding their validity, health requirements, driver qualifications and training) into the national legislation of the EU Member States (based on the experience of Belgium, Spain, France, and the Czech Republic).

Keywords: harmonisation, implementation, EU common transport policy, driver's licence, vehicle categories, minimum age for obtaining a driver's licence, driver training, psychophysical/health fitness to drive.

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03/2025

Abstract. The Analytical note sets out the results of the analysis of the Forest`s Code of Ukraine provisions in terms of their compliance with the provisions of EU law in the relevant area and provides the current state of Ukraine's progress in adapting national legislation to EU standards.

Keywords: Forest Code of Ukraine, forests, environment, deforestation, forest degradation, ecology, European integration, EU law.

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03/2025

Abstract. The analytical note presents the results of a study of the legal regulation of the procedure for keeping, placing and feeding service dogs in such EU member states as Austria, Poland, France, Czech Republic, Sweden and Norway.

Keywords: cynology, service dogs, law enforcement agencies, customs authorities, emergency response agencies, State Border Guard Service.

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03/2025